Conflict of Interest Policy
The International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Holistic Development (IJPESHD) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of integrity, transparency, and ethical conduct in academic publishing. To uphold these principles, all participants in the publication process—authors, reviewers, and editors—are required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest that may influence the content, objectivity, or outcome of a manuscript.

For Authors
Authors must disclose any financial, personal, or professional relationships that could be perceived as influencing the research, analysis, or interpretation of their findings. This includes, but is not limited to:

1. Financial interests: Funding, grants, consultancy fees, employment, stock ownership, royalties, or patents that relate to the research or its potential applications in the fields of physical education, sports science, or holistic development.
2. Personal relationships: Any relationships or circumstances that could bias the presentation or conclusions of the study.
3. Professional affiliations: Memberships, leadership roles, or advisory positions in organizations (e.g., sports federations, fitness institutions, wellness companies, or governmental bodies) that might influence the research.

All relevant conflicts should be disclosed at the time of submission, and a formal conflict of interest statement must be included in the manuscript. If no conflicts exist, authors should clearly state:
“The authors declare no conflict of interest.”

For Reviewers
Reviewers are expected to provide objective, unbiased assessments of submitted manuscripts. If any of the following apply, reviewers must disclose the conflict and decline the review:

1. Personal or professional relationships with the authors.
2. Competitive research or collaborations that may affect impartial judgment.
3. Financial ties to any organization or institution mentioned in the manuscript.

Prompt communication with the editorial team is required if a reviewer believes their ability to review objectively is compromised.

For Editors
Editors managing the peer review and publication process must avoid involvement in decisions where conflicts of interest exist. These include:

1. Financial or professional relationships with authors or institutions associated with a submission.
2. Direct involvement in the research being evaluated (e.g., co-authorship, advisory roles).
3. Institutional or organizational ties that could influence editorial judgment.

If a conflict exists, the editor must recuse themselves, and the manuscript will be reassigned to another qualified editor to ensure an unbiased review process.

Managing Conflicts of Interest
The International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Holistic Development takes the following actions in cases where conflicts of interest are identified:

1. Transparency: Any declared conflicts will be openly stated in the published article.
2. Editorial Reassignment: To avoid bias, editorial responsibilities may be reassigned where necessary.
3. Ethical Oversight: The editorial board will assess disclosed conflicts and determine appropriate actions.

Failure to disclose a conflict of interest may result in the rejection of the submission or retraction of a published article.

By promoting full disclosure and ethical transparency, IJPESHD ensures the publication of credible, unbiased, and high-quality research that contributes meaningfully to the fields of physical education, sports, and holistic development.